Blow from Subtropical Highs toward the Equator.

Features include the Continental Shelf (shallow, rich in oil/gas), Continental Slope, Deep Sea Plain (Abyssal Plain), and Oceanic Trenches (deepest parts, e.g., Mariana Trench).

Preparing for the UPSC Combined Defence Services (CDS) exam requires a structured approach to the General Knowledge paper, with geography holding a significant share. With roughly 15-20 questions consistently appearing, scoring well in this section is vital for securing a high merit rank.

Don’t just read PDFs. Transform them:

Coal: Gondwana coal (older, high quality, found in Damodar valley - Jharia, Raniganj) and Tertiary coal (younger, found in Northeast).

Always keep an atlas (e.g., Oxford Student Atlas) open while studying.

UPSC increasingly tests geographical concepts linked to current geopolitical locations. Ensure your map preparation targets the following highly relevant regions: International Map Markers

This module covers resources, agriculture, and demographics, demanding accuracy with statistical and spatial data. Agriculture

[ INDIAN DRAINAGE SYSTEM ] │ ┌─────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────┐ ▼ ▼ [ Himalayan Rivers ] [ Peninsular Rivers ] (Perennial, Glacier-fed, Deltaic) (Seasonal, Rain-fed, Older) ├── Indus System ├── East Flowing (Deltas to Bay of Bengal) ├── Ganga System │ ├── Mahanadi, Godavari (Dakshin Ganga) └── Brahmaputra System │ └── Krishna, Kaveri └── West Flowing (Estuaries to Arabian Sea) └── Narmada, Tapi (Rift Valleys) Himalayan Drainage Systems